Atributos do solo e desenvolvimento do Paricá fertilizado com lodo de esgoto e resíduo de suino

Abstract

This study was conducted in three experiments where the first and second aimed to evaluate the influence of sewage sludge and swine waste in the chemical and physical soil properties. The third and final experiment was to evaluate the initial development of Paricá seedlings after application of both residues in the soil. The experiments were performed in the outside greenhouse area at Mato Grosso Federal University, where the soil was classified as Tipycal Distrofic Red Latosol, biosolids (sewage sludge) produced in Sewage Treatment Station – STS at Cuiabá, MT city, and pig waste produced in swine farm of Mato Grosso Federal Institute - Campus São Vicente. Both experiments were arranged in a completely randomized design in a factorial 5 x 4, 5 biosolids - sewage sludge rates (0, 60, 120, 180 and 240 m3 ha-1 ) and other 5 with swine waste, both 4 soil depths (0-0.10; 0.10- 0.20, 0.20-0.30 and 0.30-0.40), with three repetitions each. The soil was disposed in 50 liters plastic canisters and 120 days after implanted experiment were soil samples collected in layers 0.0 to 0.20 m and 0.20 to 0.40 m carried out chemical and physical characterization of these. At the same time the assembly of experiments to evaluate the soil was done planting the Paricá seeds forest species. Where after 120 days of the experiment was made collecting the cuttings, dividing in shoot and root each seedlings for morphological characteristics evaluation for both waste: height (H), stem diameter (DIA), dry matter production the shoot (SDM) and root (MSRA), total dry matter (MST) and height / stem diameter (H / DIA), height / dry weight of shoot (H / MSPA), and the index quality Dickson (QID). For the soil, the results indicate that the biosolid waste used promoted changes in soil chemical properties. The pH showed addition and acidification with increasing applied biosolids rates; the 180 m3 ha-1 rate increased Ca content in 0-0.10; 0.10-0.20; 0.20-0.30; 0.30-0.40 m depths, and the same rate increased the P in 0-0.10 and 0.20-0.30 m depth; Mg was changed in proportion to the increasing of the amount applied; for SB, TpH7,0, effective t and base saturation intermediate doses increased the results found in the soil. The physical attributes, number of pores and micropores, have benefited from the largest of biosolids, moreover macroporosity, bulk density and ADA were changed with smaller rates. For swine waste the results indicate that it influenced the pH in the 0.10-0.20 m layer, where the 60 m3 ha-1 rate applied residue showed the highest averages, and Ca had influence at 120 m3 h -1 a rate at of 0.20-0.30 and 0.30- 0.40 m dephts. However, the influence of both residues in the tree species morphological characteristics was found that biosolids waste influenced Paricá morphological characteristics where variables: height, diameter, shoot dry weight and index quality changes had the best average for 240 m3 ha-1 rate. Both organic waste studied positively changed the soil properties and the initial development of Paricá.