Efeitos do uso do solo sobre o balanço de radiação e energia em Cuiabá/MT

Abstract

Cities are the most dense populated areas on the Earth and will continue to be artificial landscapes most used by the majority of the population. The replacement of native vegetation with artificial surfaces in urban areas is one of the human irreversible impact on the earth. The monitoring of seasonal and spatial variation of urban climate is a challenge for researchers and decision makers. With few weather stations, it is impossible to adequately measuring climatic variables through traditional approaches. Remote sensing is an alternative and effective tool for monitoring the urban climate to obtain representative weather patterns of the whole urban area, providing spatial and temporal information consistent at a lower cost. The objective of this work was to study the temporal and spatial variation of radiation and energy balance in urban areas by remote sensing techniques. The surface albedo in bare soil was significantly higher than that of other types of land use. The areas of dense vegetation had significantly higher values of latent heat and evapotranspiration. The radiation balance showed a significant difference between the seasons, being higher in the rainy season in up to 37.5% for the above bare soil and 31, 9% to the asphalt. Evapotranspiration in built up area was 80.5% higher in the dry season for bare soil and 59.9% higher for building area. With the increase of surface albedo is to reduce the net radiation, however, with the increase of NDVI there was a decrease in surface albedo both wet and dry seasons. The replacement of native vegetation in disturbed areas such as buildings affected the radiation and energy balance sheets. Estimates of radiation and energy balances for remote sensing indicated be appropriate to assess the effects of land use in the urban microclimate.