Instrumentação para análise de perfil vertical de fluxo de CO2 em torre micrometeorológica no Pantanal Mato-Grossense

Abstract

Carbon dioxide (CO2) along with methane (CH4), the non-methane hydrocarbons (HCNM) and carbon monoxide (CO) are fundamental parts of the carbon cycle and form the essential elements of all living matter. Previous studies performed at Mato Grosso’s pantanal using the Eddy covariance method suggest that Cerrado Campo Sujo’s ecosystem is a low-carbon emitter to the atmosphere.Thus, this work aimed to construct a system capable of acquiring simultaneously the CO2 with different levels that may be installed in a micrometeorological tower utilizing alternative and accessible-priced equipment without quality loss. The technique that performs atmospheric CO2 concentration readings in different heights results in the vertical profile of CO2. The atmospheric profile of CO2 and H2O will be composed by concentrations of air samples in four Heights (1,05m, 3,20m, 7,35m e 18,34m). In addition, the samples were collected simultaneously and analyzed with a single gas analyzer, with the help of diaphragm pumps, a damping mixing vessel, a flowmeter, a filter, a solenoid valve and a manifold unit. The developed system contains a control structure made with electronic components that automatically coordinates the equipment. The dimensions of the shelter and the layout of the equipment were developed in SketchUP Make (2015 © Trimple Navigation) with a free license. The calibration process happens in the main sensors of the CO2 profile system. The construction costs of the system are 2.7 times lower in relation to the commercial model. The implemented instrumentation project, capable of obtaining simultaneous samples readings, makes this work unique and innovative. The profile data added to the ones collected using the Eddy covariance method will be utilized to better evaluate and describe the dynamics in net ecosystem exchange of CO2 between the ecosystem and the atmosphere.