(Des)mundos : colonialidade do poder e do saber no campo da saúde indígena

Abstract

This study aimed to contribute to understanding the construction of subordinate and invisibility processes of indigenous peoples; to comprehend how internal coloniality is constituted; to help problematize and unveil the asymmetric and colonizing discourse of the Brazilian National Policy on Health Care for Indigenous Peoples – Política Nacional de Atenção à Saúde dos Povos Indígenas (PNASPI); to expose the epistemic racism in biomedical knowledge and Traditional Indigenous Medicines knowledge relations; to point out the decolonization of power/knowledge possibilities through indigenous agency, as well as to know indigenous decolonial intellectuals‘ thoughts and reflections on health. In the light of these considerations, the general objective of this study is to understand how Coloniality of Power/Knowledge relations in terms of indigenous healthcare expressed; and the specific objectives are to comprehend the Coloniality of Power/Knowledge in the field of indigenous health; to learn the epistemes in which Biomedicine and Shamanism are constituted and the possibility of decolonization and dialogue; to examine the Final Reports of the National Indigenous Health Conferences, identifying and analyzing the approved proposals regarding Traditional Indigenous Medicines; to review PNASPI‘s discourses on the concepts of interculturality, differentiated attention and self-care; to identify and analyze narratives, thoughts and reflections of the decolonial intellectuals Davi Kopenawa, Ailton Krenak and Racide Matuawa about health. It is necessary to problematize the knowledges placed in the relations of indigenous health care with the Decolonial Theory as a reference, which made it possible to problematize and present the naturalization of asymmetry, the epistemic extractivism and the epistemic racism that involves coloniality of power/knowledge. A documentary research was used as method, through which the following material was analyzed: Final Reports of the five National Indigenous Health Conferences; PNASPI‘s discourses concerning the concepts of interculturality, differentiated attention and self-care; as well as the published interviews and statements given by pajés Davi Kopenawa and Racide Matuawa, and indigenous leader Ailton Krenak. Through the statements of what I‘m calling indigenous decolonial intellectuals, the perception of health was evidenced not as a concept, but as life itself.