Representações discursivas de agentes públicos sobre sexualidade na adolescência : uma análise crítica do discurso

Abstract

It is known that, for socio-historical reasons, addressing the theme of sexuality in adolescence is still taboo. In the midst of technological advances in the 21st century, adolescents have greater access to the means that disseminate this and other themes, because of this, the number of sick adolescents by the tail of sexually transmitted infections has grown, as a result of noncontraception, and pregnancy unplanned. This thesis aims to understand the discursive representations produced by public agents on sexuality in adolescence: a critical discourse analysis. The theoretical, philosophical and methodological bases are grounded in the Critical Realism proposed by Bhaskar (1998), in Critical Discourse Analysis, by Fairclough (2001; 2003; 2010) and in Systemic-Functional Linguistics, by Halliday (2004). It is a qualitative research, based on ethnography, the results of which have been separated into analytical parts: analysis of the socio-political context of sexuality in adolescence; documentary analysis of guidelines for adolescent health care; analysis of a public event in which health professionals discussed the theme of teenage pregnancy. The documents that guide professionals in health care and sexuality in adolescence cut it into sexual health and reproductive health, casting the multiple representations of sexuality in adolescence; health professionals use biomedical and hegemonic discourses in their statements. This restricts the scope of care based on the principles of integrality, one of the pillars of the Brazilian health system. Finally, this thesis will contribute to the promotion of public policies aimed at improving the adolescent public with regard to sexuality.