O grupo como estratégia metodológica de pesquisa na abordagem centrada na pessoa : construindo a autonomia feminina de universitárias

Abstract

Conceiving health promotion in the university context, as well as the potential of building female autonomy to awaken their empowerment, through positive development, the present investigation was planned to analyze the "group" as a methodological strategy of research in the Centered Approach in the Person (ACP), through the feelings of university students, seeking to understand the process of building female autonomy from the realization of person-centered groups, as well as understanding the group experience, with a view to female protagonism and the theme of humanization of labor and birth. In this investigation, the awakening of female autonomy makes a connection with the human experience of pregnancy, childbirth and the puerperium, as they are presented as social events with a strong impact on women's health and the family context, bringing changes to the daily lives of different people. In this sense, the Childbirth and Birth Humanization Policy considers the strong positive potential for all who are part of this experience, and it is important to intimately know the feelings of women who can experience this event and its implications in an empowered way. Taking as a reference the proposal of the encounter group, based on the Person-Centered Approach, the psychotherapeutic group centered on women was used as an intervention strategy, with appropriate adaptations for weekly meetings, in an online virtual environment, making use of qualitative analysis, through the empirical phenomenological method. In order to record what was experienced in the meetings, the Sense Version of the psychologist-researchers was used and the reading of the information was guided by the nuclei of meanings. Eleven meetings were held between June and August 2021, which were facilitated by two Psychologists, with the participation of eight female university students, over 18 years old, who were able to experience and share their feelings, trusting in the growth potential. generated by the group and in a greater awareness of self and interpersonal relationships. During the realization of the groups there was no direction to the themes to be addressed, allowing free expression of the demand of the group and of each participant. The lived experiences were synthesized in axes of meaning: a) the free and powerful walk of the group; b) female autonomy in the spaces they cross; and c) awakening as facilitators. The results indicate that the online psychotherapeutic group proposed by the research contributed significantly, with different intensity, to each member, helping in the process of maturation and construction of female autonomy, which if conceived in a significant way, this individual autonomy will imply in the collective experienced by this more autonomous, mature and congruent woman. We also noticed that this research allowed the expansion of knowledge about scientific research through the reference of the Person-Centered Approach, as well as about the constructive possibilities of spaces that work with the promotion of mental health in the university context.