Fatores associados a qualidade de vida de professores do ensino fundamental da rede pública de Cuiabá, MT

Abstract

Health and quality of life constitute complex relationships between themselves, subordinated to the social, work, economic, cultural context and physical and psychological issues. The literature has sometimes shown low levels of quality of life among teachers, however, more specifically in the State of Mato Grosso, until now, no studies related to the subject have been found. The objective of this study was to analyze the factors associated with the quality of life of public elementary school teachers in Cuiabá-MT. This is a cross-sectional study, with data collection carried out between September and December 2017, which involved regular elementary school teachers from the municipal public network of Cuiabá-MT, according to data from the School Census. For the calculation of the sample, a proportion of 50% was considered, in addition to 35% of possible losses, totaling a sample of 403 teachers selected by stratified probabilistic sampling. All teachers who were in full professional practice were included in the study. The research instruments were: World Health Organization Quality Life-bref (WHOQOL-bref) for assessing quality of life, Teacher's Vocal Production Condition, Voice Disorder Screening Index, the Self-Reporting Questionnaire that assesses the presence of common mental disorders and the Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire for complaints of osteomolecular symptoms. Data were double entered and compared to each other, descriptive and inferential analyzes were also performed considering a significance level equal to 0.05. Three manuscripts were produced as products of the thesis. In manuscript 1, descriptive statistics of frequency, central tendency and dispersion (Box Plot) and inferential analyzes with Wilcoxon, Mann-Whitney and Kruskal-Wallis tests were performed to analyze quality of life. In manuscript 2, Poisson multiple regression tests, stepwise forward method, were performed to assess the factors associated with health dissatisfaction. In manuscript 3, hierarchical blockwise Poisson multiple regression models were performed for each of the quality of life domains (physical, psychological, social relations and environment). The results found in this study show a sample composed of 326 teachers, with an average age of 43 years, 87.12% female, 58.95% worked in a single school and 54.60% had the employment relationship as contracted. Quality of life had the lowest scores in the “environment” domain (53.15). As for satisfaction with health, 19.5% were dissatisfied and 31.5% indifferent. Compromised quality of life domains were associated with factors such as: marital status without spouse, commuting time ≥ 30 minutes, workload ≥40h/week, never/rarely have time to carry out activities at school, perception that work interferes with health, repetitive work, teaching time (10-19 years), intense physical exertion, noise at school, physical inactivity, sleep disturbances (waking up during the night and not waking up rested), lack of leisure, occurrence of