Tecnologia móvel na preparação de gestantes para a vivência do parto

Abstract

The predominant obstetric model in Brazil is characterized by high rates of interventions in the course of labor and childbirth, thus configuring a medicalizing, interventionist and authoritarian assistance that gives little value to the women’s ability to give birth and their experience of childbirth. Accordingly, in order to transform this reality, it is essential that women have access to educational practices of preparation for childbirth, still in the pregnancy phase. The objective of this study was to develop a technological solution for mobile devices, through prototyping, aimed at preparing pregnant women for the experience of childbirth, and validating it in terms of appearance and content. This is a methodological study of technological production with the participation of pregnant women and nurses who work in the direct care of pregnant and parturient women. The construction of the prototype took place in five phases according to the model of Coproduction of Digital Public Services (CDPS). In the first phase, Planning, the development team was defined, as well as the objective of the prototype, its target audience, the bibliographic survey to serve as a basis for the informative content of the prototype, a review of the types of applications existing in the market on the theme, a descriptive process about the routine of the service provided to pregnant and parturient women in the context of SUS, and the plans for dissemination and management of the prototype were created. In the second phase, focus groups were conducted with representatives of the prototype’s end users in order to identify their needs for the establishment of requirements. In the third phase, the main requirements for the prototype development were identified, analyzed and prioritized. The fourth phase involved the entire development team for the creation of the low-fidelity prototype; and, in the fifth phase, the high-fidelity prototype was created. At the end, the prototype was sent to the content and appearance validation stage with expert judges from the health area and from other areas. A prototype about the preparation of pregnant women for the experience of childbirth was developed, which was called “Meu Parto App”, containing 32 screens with information about childbirth, labor, periods of labor, pain relief methods, diet during labor, physical and emotional support, covid-19 and childbirth, plus references. It also presents features such as: map of maternity hospitals that serve in the context of SUS, birth plan template for completion, as well as a virtual delivery room that allows the user to have a 3D experience of the delivery environment, through a video and images with Pop-ups with more detailed information of each item of the delivery room. Content Validity Index (CVI) and Appearance Validity Index (AVI) calculations were performed, and the prototype was considered validated with total CVI scores of 1.00 and total AVI scores of 0.91. Based on the specialists’ recommendations, the prototype underwent adjustments in order to contribute to its improvement. Finally, it is noteworthy that CDPS model proved to be adequate for the development of the “Meu Parto App” prototype witch constitutes an additional resource to the educational and assistance-related actions to pregnant women during prenatal care with potential help in preparing for the experience of childbirth in a positive, satisfying and pleasurable way. Moreover, it is useful in terms of contributing to the advancement of theoretical, scientific and technological knowledge in nursing.