Doenças crônicas transmissíveis e não transmissíveis entre a população em situação de rua no município de Cuiabá

Abstract

Introduction: The streets, squares, central areas and hostels of medium and large Brazilian cities have been occupied by people who make these public spaces their homes, facing adverse conditions with impacts on health, in contexts of social inequalities. Objective: to analyze the prevalence of self-reported chronic transmissible (DCT) and non-communicable (DCNT) diseases and associated factors, among the homeless population (PSR), in the city of Cuiabá / MT. Method: crosssectional study, with an intentional sampling of 278 homeless people in the city of Cuiabá, MT, in 2019 aged 18 years or over. Semi-structured interviews were carried out individually in places with the highest concentration of PSR. Outcomes were “chronic communicable disease” and “chronic non-communicable disease”. The independent variables composed the demographic, social and risk factors for CNCD blocks. Bivariate and multiple regression analyzes were performed using the Prevalence Ratio (PR) and 95% Confidence Interval (95% CI) as a measure of association obtained by Poisson regression with robust variance. Results: 278 participants participated, most of them male (87.4%), up to 60 years old (88.1%), nonwhite race/color (74.1%), up to 9 years of schooling (88.1% ), had a religion (74.8%), was born in other cities and other states in Brazil (76.6%), had no partner (85.6%), had a profession (89.6%), never worked. signed (42.1%), earns money with “jobs” (58.3%), does not receive social benefits (74.5%), has some identification document (82.7%). The shelters used were hostels (46.1%) or streets (53.9%). It was observed that 73.0% of the participants reported smoking more than 20 days a month, and 65.5% drinking alcohol, and 62.6% were positive for alcoholism and common mental disorder (CMD) (70 .9%). The prevalence of TCD was 35.3%, with a predominance of gonorrhea, syphilis and HIV, and of CNCD was 42.8%, with cardiovascular disease, diabetes and mental illness prevailing. From the multiple analysis for DCT, the following associated risk factors remained: race/white color, being single, all reasons to come to Cuiabá (looking for a job, health treatment, family quarrel and others) and not having documents, and not receiving social benefits showed be an associated protective factor. From the multiple analysis for CNCD remained as associated risks: reasons for coming to Cuiabá (health treatment and family quarrel) and common mental disorder, and not receiving social benefits showed to be an associated protective factor. Conclusion: Factors associated with DCT showed that both occur in this social segment marked by social inequalities, discrimination, violence, indicating the need for specific, structural, intersectoral, comprehensive interventions aimed at modifying the living and health conditions of the population as a whole in street situation.