Aparato experimental para o ensino da conservação da energia mecânica

Abstract

The teaching of physics in basic education and higher education faces many challenges. Facilitating the teaching-learning process so that students achieve meaningful learning is the challenge for teachers at all levels. Therefore, the construction of this potentially significant teaching unit aims to arouse interest in the study of content on conservation of mechanical energy in high school. For this, in addition to a didactic sequence, a low-cost experimental apparatus was built, which enabled students to carry out experiments in the classroom. The educational product has a sequence with ten lessons, in which there is the use of the skate park PHET simulator that served as a previous organizer, in addition to four lists of activities. The potentially meaningful teaching unit was based on the theory of meaningful learning by David Ausubel and Marco Antônio Moreira. The application took place with three groups of the first year of high school at the Juarez Rodrigues dos Anjos State School in the municipality of Cuiabá in Mato Grosso. The results obtained with the test class (TT) after the application show signs of significant learning. Quantitatively analyzing the total number of questions answered correctly in the pre-test and post-test respectively, out of a total of 60 questions. The test group (TT) went from a percentage rate of 37% to 72% in relation to the correct questions, while the control group (TC) went from 37% to 52%. The qualitative results of the test group (TT) were also better compared to the control group (TC).