Diferenças entre a abordagem da física “superidealizada” e “não-idealizada” sobre força e movimento

Abstract

The main objective of this work was to understand the more adequate procedure to teach the concepts of force and movement by using two perspectives: the “superidealized” and the “non-idealized” ones. In the first, the physical phenomena are considered in an artificial way, i.e., by means of simplifying the description of the observations. In the non-idealized perspective, it is employed a more “pure” procedure, by trying to understand the real phenomena, without approximations, as the irregular form of a geometric figure. In this way, it was necessary a carefully contextualization on the science teaching in present days and it relationship with the superidealization, and the resistance to adopt the non-idealized procedure. However, that contextualization is related to a very strong heritage, what can be showed by means the relate on the historical development on the scientific knowledge on force and movement. This research was performed in the “Canoe Project”, which is developed at the Physics Department of the Federal University of Mato Grosso (UFMT) with the objective of offer physics classes to students of public school. As evaluative instruments for this research, it was employed conceptual maps, which were conceived by Joseph Novak, based on the Meaningful Learning Theory.