Germinação e propagação in vitro de Myracrodruon urundeuva Allemão (Aroeira-do-sertão)

Abstract

The Myracrodruon urundeuva Allemão is an Anacardiaceae with medicinal properties and economic visibility in the timber industry. The objectives of this study were: 1) to assess exposure times and sodium hypochlorite doses aimed at disinfestation and seed germination; 2) analyze the fungicide efficiency in aseptic; 3) compare different concentrations of MS medium salts in the early development in vitro; 4) verify the effect of different concentrations of BAP (6-benzylaminopurine) in shoot induction; 5) test different concentrations of indolbutyric acid (IBA) and substrates in the ex vitro rooting. Five experiments were carried out comprising the steps of micropropagation: aseptically establishment, multiplication and acclimatization. The experiments for the in vitro cultivation were conducted in Tissue Culture Laboratory of the Centro Regional de Pesquisa e Transferência de Tecnologia (CRPTT) of EMPAER-MT. Acclimatization (ex vitro) was held at the nursery UNIVAG – Centro Universitário, both located in the municipality of Várzea Grande - MT. It was first defined by aseptic test exposure times (10, 15 and 20 minutes) and sodium hypochlorite concentrations (0,0; 0,5; 1,0; 1,5 and 2,0%) in three M. urundeuva All. (M1, M2 and M3). Subsequently they were assessed eight treatments of chemical disinfection through contact fungicide in the seed. The establishment was verified the proper concentration of MS medium [Murashige e Skoog, 1962] (0, 25, 50, 75 and 100%) in vitro germination. Regarding the multiplication were evaluated concentrations of BAP (0,0; 3,0; 6,0; 9,0 and 12,0 ml L-1 ) in two matrices of M. urundeuva All. (M2 and M3). In the last step, the acclimatization and rooting ex vitro were tested with shoots of M3 matrix in two substrates and concentrations of IBA (0,0; 0,5; 1,0; 1,5 and 2,0 mg L-1 ) . In aseptically dose of 1,5% sodium hypochlorite in contact for 15 minutes and 0.5ml of the fungicide Vitavax-thiram® (1% w / v carboxin + 1% w / v drawing) showed efficient disinfestation in matrices of M. urundeuva All. tested. The establishment, 25% of the concentration of MS medium salts favored the low contamination, higher germination and higher shoot length in seedlings. The concentration of 3,0 mg L-1 BAP presented a satisfactory effect on the development of shoots for the in vitro multiplication. In order to accomplish the high mortality rate (97,9%) can be associated to drastic changes in environmental conditions experienced by plantlets, suggesting the development of more efficient protocols at this stage.