Ideação suicida e fatores associados em estudantes universitários

Abstract

To analyze the factors associated with the presence of suicidal ideation among college students. Method: quantitative approach to cross-sectional study, conducted at the Federal University of Mato Grosso, Cuiabá campus with 714 university students between April and May 2015. We used the following instruments for data collection: closed questionnaire with variables demographic, socioeconomic, academic and suicidal behavior among family and friends, the ASSIST (Alcohol, Smoking and Substance Involvement Screening Test) for tracking the consumption of alcohol, and MDI (Inventory of major depression) investigating depressive symptoms. The analyzes were performed in SPSS version 17.0, and descriptive analysis presented in absolute frequencies and percentages. In the inferential analysis, initially were built 95% confidence intervals (CI) for prevalence, certain prevalence ratios, and to test its significance was realized the chi-square and when necessary the exact Fischer test in both considering a significance level lower than 0.05 and (CI) of 95%. For the multivariate analysis, we used the robust Poisson regression model. The variables with ap value less than 0.20 were tested in this model, and the final model the variables with p value less than 0.05, with their respective 95% CI. The study was approved by the Universidade Federal Ethics Committee on Research of Mato Grosso under No. 1021217. Results: They were presented as two manuscripts. The first study determined the prevalence of suicidal ideation among college students 9.9%, predominantly belonged to the age group of 18-24 years 70%, female 53.2%, 85.2% single, 42.5% mulatto , lived alone 83.7%, 87.9% heterosexual, had a 66.2% religious practice, studying the early years 65%, 81.8% had not had one in the family who attempted suicide and 91.0% none of family who committed suicide, as 70.6% had friends who attempted suicide and 87.0% had friends who committed suicide, did not show moderate risk / high to 72.4% alcohol and did not have depressive symptoms 58 ,two%. The second study examined the association of suicidality with all variables (bivariate) obtaining membership: economy class (p = 0.042), sexual orientation (homosexual and bisexual men with p = 0.008 and p <0.001, respectively) and religious practice ( p <0.001), and showed that the variables alcohol use and depressive symptoms also showed a statistically significant association with suicidal ideation with p = 0.002 and CI (1.31, 3.34) p <0.001, CI ( 5.75; 29.9), respectively, after the application of robust Poisson regression model, the variables that remained significant were sexual orientation (homosexual in categories (p = 0.009) and bisexual (p = 0.007), suicide attempt family (p <0.001) and depressive symptoms (p <0.001).Conclusion: The factors associated with suicidal ideation were sexual orientation, attempted suicide in the family and depressive symptoms The study's findings are similar to what has been described in the literature on the subject and. It points to the need for academic policies and intervention programs that enhance the prevention of this disease.