Produção de mudas de Piper aduncum L. em diferentes condições de luz, substratos e procedências

Abstract

The species Piper aduncum, known for pimento-de-macaco, is a native plant of great economic importance, because, besides being used in the recovery of degraded areas and in folk medicine, it has been successfully tested by having high oil content essential rich in bioactive compounds that can replace the use of synthetic products on certain pathogens. Given the potential of this species, the informations on the production of seedlings are necessary to proceed to further research. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the quality and production of P. aduncum seedlings on different lighting conditions, substrates and origins. For the work of light and substrates conditions, seeds were collected plants from municipality Tangará da Serra - MT. The light conditions used were: full sun and to 50% shade, and in every light condition, and were used eleven substrates for the production of P. aduncum seedlings, follows: soil of the mother plant origin, Cerrado soil , Bioplant®, Cerrado soil + cattle manure, Cerrado soil + vermiculite , Cerrado soil + coconut fiber, Cerrado soil + crushed coal, Cerrado soil + carbonized rice husk, Cerrado soil + bark guaraná, Cerrado soil + manure + vermiculite, Cerrado soil + coconut fiber + crushed coal + carbonized rice husk + bark guarana. The characteristics evaluated were: emergency, survival, morphological development and quality of seedlings. In the work of different provenances of P. aduncum, seeds were arising from five distinct locations in the state of Mato Grosso: Chapada dos Guimarães, Pontes e Lacerda, Barra do Bugres, Tangará da Serra and Várzea Grande. The work was conducted under a light condition of 50% shading and the substrate used for the production of seedlings was the Cerrado soil + cattle manure. The characteristics evaluated were: the weight of a thousand, water content, seed germination, emergence, morphological development and quality of seedlings. For both studies, the experimental design was completely randomized and the data were submitted to ANOVA and Tukey test 5%. For the production of P. aduncum seedlings in full sun, the substrate Cerrado soil + carbonized rice husk showed better results, while in light condition with 50% shading, substrates containing manure in its composition are more efficient, providing seedlings P. aduncum with better morphological development and quality standard. Regarding the different provenances of P. aduncum, the seeds from the municipality of Chapada dos Guimarães have the best performance for the production of seedlings.