Estudo de caso sobre a possibilidade de implantação de PSA no município de Guiratinga

Abstract

With the uncontrolled advance of human actions towards natural resources, it became necessary to develop actions to include environmental assets in the economy. Actions aimed at environmental conservation, especially water conservation, have been growing in the country, trying to solve the supply problem that Brazil is going through. Sustainable practices, such as photovoltaic energy production, are no longer uncommon in our daily lives. With a reasonable and promising proposal, the Payments for Environmental Services (PES) mechanism stands out as a complementary economic instrument to contain degradation and promote conservation, always aligning environmental benefit with economic gain. This equation is a basic pillar for sustainable measures to take shape in Brazil. Observing the implementation of these actions around Brazil and paying attention to the water levels of Mina Moreninha in Guiratinga, located in the state of Mato Grosso, which suffers a great variation throughout the year due to droughts, the use of PSA as an alternative was investigated. for maintenance and continuity of this source. Thus, this work analyzed some models implemented in the country and verified which techniques are adapted and best suited to the object of study. For this purpose, government websites and scientific databases were consulted, as well as a survey of legislation dealing with sanitation and others pertinent to the subject, in addition to interviews with the parties involved in the implementation. It was noted that for the Municipal Administration, despite agreeing with all the benefits that the PSA brings to the municipality and especially to the mine, the political factor ends up prevailing in decision making, mainly caused by the medium and long-term effect of the PSA, in counterpoint to the short-term effect, but that does not solve the problem of drilling new wells in the city.