Mortalidade por câncer colorretal em Mato Grosso, Brasil : determinantes associados e tendência temporal de 2000 a 2016

Abstract

Worldwide, cancers have emerged as a major cause of death. Among the cancers that have been increasing its incidence and mortality in the last decades, is colorectal cancer (CRC), which is already the third most prevalent type of cancer in the world and the second leading cause of death in this group. Objective - To analyze mortality due to CRC in Mato Grosso, Brazil, its associated determinants and temporal trend in the period from 2000 to 2016. Methods - This is a mixed epidemiological, cross-sectional and ecological study with analysis of temporal trends. The research used secondary data from the Mortality Information System, and the deaths by CCR of residents of the state of Mato Grosso were considered for the years of interest in the study. The association between deaths due to CCR and sociodemographic determinants (sex, age group, race / skin color, marital status and years of schooling) was verified using the chi-square test. In the analysis of the time series, standardized rates of mortality due to CCR were used, and the Prais-Winsten method was used for the analysis of generalized linear regression. Results - 1,746 deaths due to CRC were recorded in the period, with malignant colon cancer being the subtype with the highest proportion. There was also a higher proportion of deaths in men, aged 50 to 59 years, among browns, married / in a stable relationship and those with 1 to 3 years of study. However, only the variable year of study was significantly associated with deaths due to CRC, with an increase in the categories of 1 to 3 years (+ 3.3%), 4 to 7 years (+ 5.4%) and 8 at 11 years (+ 31.9%) and decrease in the category with no year of study (-30.3%) (p = 0.03). The general standardized mortality rate was 7.4 deaths / 100,000, with similar values between genders, and higher for those aged 50 or over. Regarding the time trend, there was an increase for all categories of sex and age group. Women showed an annual increase of about 55.9% higher than men, and among the age groups there was a greater annual increase, especially for those over 70 years old, with emphasis on the age group from 70 to 79 years old (APC = 6.4% , 95% CI = 2.7% -10.3%). Conclusion - There was an increase in the proportion of deaths due to CRC among those with more years of study and a reduction in those without any study, as well as a greater annual increase for women and those aged 70 to 79 years. Knowledge about mortality profiles and their evolution can provide data on the epidemiological situation of cancer at the local level and thus contribute to the development of control and prevention actions for this disease to the population of the state of Mato Grosso.