Tratamento de esgoto sanitário em áreas úmidas utilizando tanque de evapotranspiração

Abstract

In rural areas, sewage treatment is a growing concern due to public health and environmental risks. This is particularly worrying in humid regions such as the Pantanal. This scenario is complicated by the fact that it is a floodplain, which makes it difficult to install conventional systems for treating effluents. In this context, the present work aims to evaluate a sustainable alternative for the treatment of sewage in wetlands. The methodology included the following steps: i) bibliography review; ii) characterize the physical, chemical and microbiological parameters of the raw effluent; iii) develop the project, install and monitor the evapotranspiration tank (TEvap); and iv) the evaluation of the Cost of implementing the system. According to Galbiati (2009), with the data obtained from the physical and chemical characteristics, the residence's sewage was classified as medium, thus presenting results of BOD 211.25 mg/L and COD of 479.25, requiring treatment. In addition, TEvap proved to be a sustainable, economically viable alternative, because in relation to the value of other systems, the approximate estimated cost of TEvap in an IBC tank for one of 1 people was compared with the cost of sewage collection in masonry, presented by the budget in table 5 and 6. From the comparison, it was verified that the cost presented by the plan is sufficient for the construction of 6 family units of 1 person using the IBC tank, being effective for the treatment of sewage, improving significantly improve the quality of life of the population and contribute to the preservation of the environment.