Autopercepção de risco, padrões de comportamento, adesão às medidas protetivas relacionadas à covid-19 em pessoas assentadas e fatores associados : estudo transversal

Abstract

The COVID-19 pandemic has brought many challenges, the biggest of which is the implementation of measures to prevent its spread. This challenge has been even more difficult when it comes to vulnerable populations, who are often forgotten and unassisted by Public Health Policies. Therefore, the objective of this study was to analyze the factors associated with self-perception of risk, behavior patterns and adherence to protective measures related to COVID-19 in settled people. This is a descriptive-analytical cross-sectional study, in which the instrument called “COVID-19 Social Thermometer – Social Opinion” was used to collect data. The study population consisted of 101 people settled in the cities of Sinop and Juara in Mato Grosso. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Chi-square test and binary logistic regression, with estimation of gross Odds Ratio (OR) and adjusted through multivariate models, together with their respective 95% Confidence Intervals (IC95 %). The 5% confidence level was adopted for all tests. It was possible to observe that the majority of the population of settlers in these cities are women (53.5%), black (49.5%), married/in a stable relationship (86.1%). Furthermore, the majority of families lived in rural areas (74.3%) and had a monthly income of up to two minimum wages (49.5%) and did not receive government assistance (76.2%). It was observed that only 5.9% of respondents did not adhere to any protective measures against COVID-19. Furthermore, the majority of interviewees use the Unified Health System (94.1%), receive visits from the Community Health Agent (57.4%) but do not have a basic health unit in their neighborhoods (50.5%) and do not have a health plan or insurance (69.3%). Furthermore, it was possible to identify a distrust of the population of Sinop in health services. Furthermore, it was possible to verify that people with a self-perceived high risk of developing serious illness or complications, if affected by COVID-19, were more likely to have a formal occupation, income less than 1 minimum wage, feel more agitated, anxious or tense, feeling more irritable, having increased or started taking medication during the pandemic and needing specialized care during this period. It is believed that these findings can contribute to the development and implementation of more effective measures to control COVID-19 among this population.