Mulheres trans e travestis por um olhar sociológico : “minorias” negligenciadas dentro da saúde coletiva : uma revisão integrativa da literatura

Abstract

This master's dissertation in Sociology, from the Federal University of Mato Grosso, has as its object the space for the health of trans and transvestite women, within the scope of Public Health, inserted in the large area of Public Health. The experience of trans and transvestite women is marked by complex challenges, involving issues such as necropolitics, precarious citizenship and health problems. The practices and policies that subjugate and devalue certain bodies, leading to violence and premature death for many trans and transvestite women, as they often have difficulty obtaining recognition of their existence. Lack of access and institutional prejudice reflect in a state of marginalization, directly affecting the health of these women. The main objective of this research is to critically analyze the existing literature on the subject, in order to identify gaps, contradictions, and significant findings. The methodological approach adopted is based on an integrative literature review, which involved a search for relevant studies in several databases and scientific journals. Twenty-six articles were analyzed, using inclusion and exclusion criteria to select the most pertinent studies, considering their adequacy to the requirements and their contribution to the understanding of the problem at hand. The results of the research reveal a number of challenges faced by transgender and transvestite women in accessing health services. A paucity of devices that specifically address the needs and experiences of these marginalized populations was found. In addition, many of the studies found highlighted pathologizing approaches present in these spaces, reinforcing stigmas and prejudices. The findings of this research point to the need for a more inclusive and sensitive policy to the demands of trans and transvestite women in the context of Collective Health. The literature reviewed highlighted the importance of culturally competent health services that consider the specificities of gender and identity in a respectful and nondiscriminatory manner. The findings of this dissertation highlight the urgency of effective public policies that promote equity in access to health care for transgender and transvestite women. It is recommended the implementation of training programs for health professionals, aiming at the development of skills for adequate and welcoming care. In addition, it is necessary to encourage future research that expands the knowledge about the specific needs of these populations and evaluates the effectiveness of the proposed interventions. In summary, this academic production contributes to the understanding of the neglect faced by transgender women and transvestites within the observed context, highlighting the importance of sensitive interactions to their demands. The results highlight the need for significant changes in health systems, aiming to promote equity and respect for gender diversity; as well as questioning the system that keeps instituting this reality.